Conspiracy theories

Generally speaking, conspiracy theories attempt to explain the ultimate cause of an event (usually a political, social, or historical event) as a secret, and often deceptive, plot by a covert alliance of powerful people or organizations rather than as an overt activity or as natural occurrence. (Old definition from Wikipedia)

The conspiracy theories that interest us from an exopolitical point of view are twofold:

Some of the players who are involved in this are:

There is ample evidence to substantiate these two theories. 

Unfortunately, with the arrival of the Internet and social media, there has been a steady increase in completely unsubstantiated conspiracy theories that find their origins in propaganda campaigns. These days, these politically motivated disinformation campaigns are more prevalent than ever before in ufology.